What is GLP-1

Mechanism of Action:

Enhancement of Insulin Secretion:GLP-1 agonists stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin in response to increased blood glucose levels after meals. This helps lower blood sugar levels.

Inhibition of Glucagon Secretion: These medications also reduce the release of glucagon, a hormone that increases blood sugar levels, thereby helping to maintain glucose balance.

Slowing Gastric Emptying: GLP-1 agonists slow down the rate at which food leaves the stomach and enters the intestines. This prolongs the feeling of fullness after eating, reducing overall food intake.

Central Nervous System Effects: They act on the brain to promote satiety (feeling of fullness) and reduce appetite, which can lead to decreased calorie intake and weight loss.

Role in Weight Loss:

Reduced Appetite: By enhancing satiety signals and reducing hunger, GLP-1 agonists help individuals eat less without feeling deprived.

Improved Blood Sugar Control: For people with type 2 diabetes, these medications help manage blood sugar levels, which can indirectly contribute to weight management by reducing insulin resistance and promoting fat loss.

Direct Weight Loss Effects: Clinical studies have shown that GLP-1 agonists can lead to significant weight loss. Medications like liraglutide (marketed as Saxenda for weight management) and semaglutide (marketed as Wegovy for weight management) have been approved specifically for the treatment of obesity and overweight conditions.

Examples of GLP-1 Agonists:

• Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda): Used for both diabetes management (Victoza) and weight loss (Saxenda).
• Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy): Used for diabetes management (Ozempic) and weight loss (Wegovy).
• Exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon): Primarily used for diabetes management, with some effects on weight loss.

Overall, GLP-1 agonists are effective tools for weight management, particularly for individuals with obesity or type 2 diabetes, by targeting multiple pathways involved in hunger and satiety regulation.